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Dysplasia disordered cell growth; a proliferation of precancerous cells. Ex – Cervical

intraepithelial neoplasia
•
• Arises from long-standing pathologic hyperplasia or metaplasia
• Reversible
• If dysplasia persists, it can progress to cancer.

Aplasia Failure of cell production during embryogenesis. Ex – unilateral renal

agenesis (failure to make 1 kidney)

Hypoplasia decrease in cell production in embryogenesis. Results in the relatively small

organ. Ex – streak ovary in Turner syndrome.

. What is sjogren syndrome?
Type IV (lymphocyte mediated) autoimmune destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands with
resulting fibrosis.
–
Sjogren syndrome
12. What are clinical presentation of Sjogren syndrome?
Dry eyes, dry mouth and recurrent dental carries (bacteria accumulates as teeth aren’t washed) in
older woman.
–
– Parotids may be enlarged due to fibrosis.
– “Can’t chew cracker, dirt in my eyes”
13. How do you diagnose Sjogren syndrome?
– Presence of ANA is sensitive
Presence of anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies is specific – (Anti SSA and anti SSB antibodies –
Sjogren syndrome A and sjogren syndrome B)
–
14. What other conditions is Sjogren syndrome associated with?
– Other autoimmune disorders – especially rheumatoid arthritis
High risk for B-cell lymphoma (HY) – unilateral enlargement of partoid gland late in disease is
indicative of B-cell lymphoma.
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